Coronavirus is a worldwide virus that can infect dogs, and depending on the strain of virus, causes gastrointestinal or respiratory symptoms. It was discovered in 1971 in germany during an outbreak in sentry dogs. Coronavirus definition and meaning collins english. The genome size of coronaviruses is about 26 to 32 kilobases, which is extraordinarily large for an rna virus.
Ccov does not affect people, and causes gastrointestinal problems as opposed to respiratory disease. Crowding and unsanitary conditions lead to coronavirus transmission. Merscov, like other coronaviruses, is thought to spread from an infected persons respiratory secretions, such as through coughing. We report an outbreak of fatal disease in puppies caused by a pathogenic variant of ccov that was isolated from organs with severe lesions. Coronavirus koronavirus, a genus in the family coronaviridae that is associated with upper.
The name coronavirus comes from the latin word corona, meaning crown or halo, and refers to how virions look under an. Coronavirus is first pandemic we can control maria van kerkhove, covid19 technical lead at the world health organization, implored countries to implement sufficient contact tracing. Fact sheet about middle east respiratory syndrome mers. The human coronavirus nl63 has only recently been shown to cause both lower and upper respiratory tract infectionssome potentially severe, especially in children and the elderly.
A new coronavirus that emerged last summer in the middle east has been causing concern to international health authorities. Canine coronavirus disease, known as ccov, is a highly infectious intestinal infection in dogs, especially puppies. These viruses are divided into three groups and have been known for more than 50 years to cause various diseases in animals depending on the group and strain of the virus. They are enveloped viruses with a positivesense rna genome. Middle east respiratory syndrome mers is a respiratory illness. Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus merscov. It is different from other coronaviruses that have previously been found in humans. Coronavirus definition is any of a family coronaviridae of large singlestranded rna viruses that have a lipid envelope studded with clubshaped spike proteins, infect birds and many mammals including humans, and include the causative agents of mers, sars, and covid19 abbreviation cov, cv. Infection with hcovnl63 has since been shown to be a common worldwide occurrence and has been associated with many clinical symptoms and diagnoses, including severe lower respiratory tract infection, croup and bronchiolitis. Canine coronavirus ccov is usually responsible for mild, selflimiting infections restricted to the enteric tract.
The coronavirus spike protein is a class i fusion protein 5. The infecting virus enters its host cell by binding to the apn receptor. Canine coronavirus definition of canine coronavirus by. Canine coronavirus how is canine coronavirus abbreviated. The name was coined by june almeida and david tyrrell who first observed and studied human coronaviruses.
Coronavirus definition of coronavirus by merriamwebster. Canine coronavirusassociated puppy mortality without. Canine coronavirus synonyms, canine coronavirus pronunciation, canine coronavirus translation, english dictionary definition of canine coronavirus. Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus merscov is a newly recognized beta coronavirus that was first reported in 2012 in saudi arabia. Coronavirus is a virus in the family coronaviridae.
Any of a family of singlestranded rna viruses that infect mammals and birds, causing respiratory infections such as the common cold and sars in humans. Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral. Sarscov was transmitted from civet cats to humans and researchers suspect merscov is transmitted from dromedary camels to humans. Canine coronavirus highly pathogenic for dogs variation of the sequence in the gene encoding for transmembrane protein m of canine coronavirus ccv. Human coronavirus circulation in the united states 2014 2017. However, the precise ways the virus spreads are not currently well understood. It causes a highly contagious intestinal disease worldwide in dogs. Family cluster of middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus infections. There is a vaccine for the coronavirus, but it is not one of. Coronavirus simple english wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Wired science blogger maryn mckenna discusses additional cases. Coronaviruses are zoonotic, which means theyre transmitted between animals and people. Canine coronavirus ccov is widely prevalent in the dog population.
In 1970, the coronavirus that causes fip was isolated and characterized. Although dogs of all ages appear to be susceptible to infection by ccov, the condition is probably most important as an uncommon, transient, generally nonfatal diarrhea in puppies. Recently, the worldwide outbreak of sars was linked to a novel coronavirus that had not been previously identified in human beings or animals 6. Coronavirus covid19 frequently asked questions cdc. Taxonomy navigation alphacoronavirus 1 all lower taxonomy nodes 8 common name isynonym iother names i canine enteric coronavirus canine coronavirus ccv. This virus was first reported in 2012 in saudi arabia. Coronavirus 229erelated pneumonia in immunocompromised. Cov, the coronavirus that causes severe acute respiratory syndrome sars, oc43, and hku1. Canine coronavirusassociated puppy mortality without evidence of concurrent canine parvovirus infection. Feline coronavirus fcov is a positivestranded rna virus that infects cats worldwide. Coronavirus disease 2019 covid19 is a virus more specifically, a coronavirus identified as the cause of an outbreak of respiratory illness first detected in wuhan, china. Sars coronavirus detection andreas nitsche, brunhilde schweiger, heinz ellerbrok, matthias niedrig, and georg pauli we developed a set of three realtime reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction pcr assays that amplify three different regions of the sarsassociated coronavirus sarscov, can be run in parallel or in a sin. Mou h, raj vs, van kuppeveld fj, rottier pj, haagmans bl, bosch bj.
The national respiratory and enteric virus surveillance system. Middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus mers cov is a newly recognized beta coronavirus that was first reported in 2012 in saudi arabia. Merscov has spread from ill people to others through close contact, such as caring for or living with an infected person. The word was first used in print in 1968 by an informal group of virologists in the journal nature to designate the new. Human coronavirus was first discovered in 1965 and accounts for many cases of the common cold. The receptor binding domain of the new mers coronavirus maps to a 231residue region in the spike. It is caused by a type of virus called a coronavirus, which tends to attack the cells of the intestinal wall. Skip directly to site content skip directly to page options skip directly to az link. Canine coronavirus an overview sciencedirect topics. The name coronavirus is derived from latin corona, meaning crown or wreath, itself a borrowing from greek kor. Information about middle east respiratory syndrome mers what is mers. Canine coronavirus ccov is an enveloped, positivesense, singlestranded rna virus which is a member of the species alphacoronavirus 1. Human coronavirus nl63 hcovnl63 was first isolated from the aspirate from a 7monthold baby in early 2004.
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